That said, the scratchiness could be entirely down to how fine I like my nibs to be… Seriously? They really do.īut it is relatively cheap and easy to get a steel nib replacement, should one be unsatisfied with their fat EF or their thin B. None of the Lamy nibs I have tried come close to having any sort of give at all, and they all have a toothy sort of feedback my black EF nib is especially susceptible to laying down really dry lines. The stubs are true stubs, with rounded edges, and are quite forgiving with regards to writing angle. The Lamys write a little on the dry side, and the nibs are very firm, almost like writing with an inky nail. The 1.1mm stub nib is on the purple Al-Star. These results are the same regardless of which inks I use. As you can see, I’ve put the fatter EF onto the dark lilac Safari, and it writes roughly the same size as the F on the blue Al-Star. That said, the nibs are well-known for having slightly questionable quality control: my two EF nibs sit on either side of my F width, and one of my Ms is more like an F. There are even 14k gold options! (I haven’t handled one of the gold ones though.) All of these nibs are swappable between pens which use the same mount, and so you can have a gold nib on a Safari and a steel nib on an Imporium if you so wish. These nibs come in EF, F, M and B sizes as well as 1.1, 1.5 and 1.9mm stubs. All one has to do is put a little bit of tape on the nib and pull it off the section, but if you’re like me and bring nibs around without tape in my bag, you can also pry it off gently with a fingernail and some jiggling. The best thing about the Safari/Al-Star, in my opinion, is the swappable nib, which is cheap to replace, easy to take out, and even easier to clean. All of these three pens have taken some beating in my pencil case, since I mistakenly left a Muji fountain pen inside - with its nail-file grip section! - and are consequently less than pristine. I acquired the dark lilac Safari along with some cartridges when it was first released, but later regretted not going for the ink bottle a kind Canadian on the r/fountainpens Discord chat tracked down a bottle for me, costing me 42 of those dollars. However, I will include my other Al-Star and also the Lamy Safari in the same post: In order of acquisition from top (earliest) to bottom. And as this is a well-known starter/workhorse pen, I won’t really have much to contribute to the great chunk of Lamy reviews already on the Internet. It is also worth noting that they did an amazing job with matching the color to the LE Pen of the same name (one was given away here previously ^_^).Welcome to the first non-flex review on this site! After the first three incredible flex pens, I stumbled an almost-new Lamy Al-Star on eBay, mostly because it was purple, came with a nice EF nib, and was a little cheaper than buying a new one from online stores. I may need to add this to my eBay stalk list lol. The flow is amazing, the shading sensational, it reminds me a lot of Bungubox L’Amant but just much darker. Just look at that rich golden sheen! I can see why this ink is so coveted. It was once again out of ink and needed some love.Īnd the fun part, the ink blob! Enhanced and not enhanced. Sadly I do not have photos of the bottle, but I did get some shots of the ink!įor this review I chose my frequently used Pilot Vanishing Point Raden Galaxy. A friend was kind enough to include this in a mega ink trade. I’ve heard the color being spoke of in legendary terms and I wanted to see what the hype was about. I entered the world of FP’s too late to get a bottle at cost, or even to get a bottle at all. Lamy Dark Lilac is definitely the former. I am usually the kind of person who just blindly buys a bottle, however there are some inks that are either very difficult to obtain or are so questionable that even I balk at having 50-100ML of it laying around forever. Recently I have received some lovely samples from my friends and readers.
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With such a wide range of cat toilets available at zooplus, you can be sure to find just the thing to suit both you and your cat! You might also be interested in our selection of litter tray mats, litter scoops and odour management products to help meet all of your cat hygiene needs. And why not also treat yourself to a discreet piece of litter box furniture? These handy litter box hiders look like attractive little cupboards and are a great way to hide your cat's litter tray from view, offering your pet even more privacy. Open litter trays typically feature a removable protective edge to stop litter from flying out, keeping the surrounding area clean and hygienic. This style of cat toilet can be more suitable for kittens, elderly and sick cats, as well as other cats that may be nervous about using a covered litter box. We also stock a range of open litter trays. If you decide a hooded cat litter tray with filter isn't for you, you might want to take a look at our selection of covered litter boxes without filters, which still help to minimise nasty odours but save you the hassle of restocking replacement filters. You can find suitable replacement filters in our shop. Simply change the filter at regular intervals to help keep your home smelling fresh. The integrated charcoal or carbon filter in these hooded litter boxes helps to absorb any unpleasant odours inside the box. On this page you can find our full range of covered cat litter boxes with filters. These practical cat toilets are also available in a variety of colours to suit your home. The hood can also be removed from a covered cat litter box for easy cleaning.Įven once you've chosen to buy a covered litter box, the decisions don't stop there! At zooplus, we stock enclosed cat litter boxes in a huge selection of styles, including hooded cat litter trays with doors, covered cat litter boxes with an open entrance, and corner litter boxes for when space is limited. An enclosed cat litter box with hood has the additional advantage that it is easy to move around thanks to the carry handle often found in the lid. With a covered cat litter box, an enclosed cat litter box or a hooded cat litter box, you can offer your cat privacy during use, while also minimising odours and preventing loose litter from becoming scattered around your home. This page features one of the most popular designs of cat toilet available at zooplus - the hooded cat litter tray. Okay, now that we have thought about a few things from our feline friend's perspective, let's get creative! Here are 16 clever, original DIY ways to conceal and contain your feline's litter box.Hooded Cat Litter Trays & Boxes Hygienic litter trays and boxes to help keep your home clean and tidyĬat toilets come in a wide range of sizes and styles, giving you plenty of choice when it comes to finding the perfect litter box or litter tray for your cat. That makes it really hard for them when they really have to go!
British Universal Columns and Beams Properties of British Universal Steel Columns and Beams.Area Moment of Inertia - Typical Cross Sections II Area Moment of Inertia, Moment of Inertia for an Area or Second Moment of Area for typical cross section profiles.Area Moment of Inertia - Typical Cross Sections I Typical cross sections and their Area Moment of Inertia.Beams and Columns Deflection and stress, moment of inertia, section modulus and technical information of beams and columns.slenderness ratio of 120 slenderness ratios 40 slenderness ratios L/r lower slenderness ratio - higher critical stress to cause buckling.higher slenderness ratio - lower critical stress to cause buckling.L is the length of the column and r is the radiation of gyration for the column. The term "L/r" is known as the slenderness ratio. The Euler buckling load can then be calculated asį = (4) π 2 (69 10 9 Pa) (241 10 -8 m 4) / (5 m) 2 The Moment of Inertia can be converted to metric units like The Modulus of Elasticity of aluminum is 69 GPa (69 10 9 Pa) and the factor for a column fixed in both ends is 4. The column is made of an Aluminium I-beam 7 x 4 1/2 x 5.80 with a Moment of Inertia i y = 5.78 in 4. K = (1 / n) 1/2 factor accounting for the end conditions nĪn column with length 5 m is fixed in both ends. one end fixed, the other end rounded : n = 2Įquation (1) is sometimes expressed with a k factor accounting for the end conditions:.I = Moment of inertia (in 4, m 4) Factor Counting for End Conditions N = factor accounting for the end conditionsĮ = modulus of elastisity (lb/in 2, Pa (N/m 2)) Long columns can be analysed with the Euler column formula Columns fail by buckling when their critical load is reached. Also worth mentioning is the option to use many plugins, especially Grasshopper, which unrelieved for the user an unlimited range of parametric design.’’ I particularly like that fact and it makes a virtual design feel much like in the real world. You’re in control of the number of faces building the object’s surface.Īlexandre also comments on those tools: ‘’Rhino is great for drawing curves and round surfaces. The advantage of adaptive mesh is accuracy. This allows for the manipulation of curves instead of working with polygons. This software works with NURBS, which is modeling by curves technique. If you’re planning to develop a 3D printing project, it is also worth the investment.’’Īs Alexandre mentioned, Rhino stands out for its tools. Rhino has a great set of modeling tools, from dedicated transform tools to mesh editing ones, it gives you a lot of design freedom at the same time keeping the accuracy and quality of the 3D models at the highest standards. It is a very powerful 3D modeling software, and we actually got first-hand experience on it as one of Sculpteo’s 3D designers uses it on an everyday basis.Īlexandre d’Orsetti, Head of Sculpteo Design studio, gave a piece of advice to share with our readers: ‘’The UI is user-friendly and the rendering tools are capable of producing pretty impressive images. Whether you prefer using textures, plugins, or 3D models, each method offers its own advantages and allows you to achieve realistic and visually appealing results.Įxperiment with these methods and find the one that works best for your specific project requirements.Rhinoceros, otherwise known as Rhino 3D, is a computer-aided ( CAD ) software, wildly used in jewelry and industrial design, and also architecture. In this tutorial, we explored three different methods for adding grass to your SketchUp models. Use SketchUp’s built-in tools to make any necessary adjustments. Tweak the appearance: Depending on your preferences, you may need to adjust materials, textures, or other properties of the imported grass model to fit seamlessly into your scene.obj) and adjust its position and scale as needed. Import the model: Once you find a suitable grass model, import it into your SketchUp project by going to “File” > “Import”.Ĭhoose the file format of the model (such as.There are many free and paid options available. Find grass 3D models: Search for grass 3D models online or in SketchUp’s 3D Warehouse.If you want highly realistic and customizable grass models in SketchUp, using 3D models specifically designed for grass can be a great option. Experiment with these settings to achieve the desired look for your model. Tweak the grass scatter: Skatter allows you to adjust various parameters like density, height, variation, and color of the scattered grass.Then, choose the grass preset from the library or create your own custom settings. Create a grass scatter: Once installed, open Skatter and select the surface where you want to add grass.You can find it in the SketchUp Extension Warehouse or download it from the official website. Install Skatter: Start by installing the Skatter plugin in SketchUp.One popular plugin for adding grass in SketchUp is Skatter. If you want more control over the appearance of your grass or if you need realistic 3D grass models for architectural visualizations or game design, using plugins can be a great option. Here you can adjust parameters like size, rotation, and position until you are satisfied with how it looks. To do this, select the surface, right-click on it, and choose “Texture” > “Position”. Tweak the texture: Depending on the size and scale of your model, you may need to adjust the texture size and orientation.Once you have the texture, apply it to the surface by right-clicking on it and selecting “Texture” > “Position”. You can search for free textures online or create one yourself using image editing software. Apply a grass texture: Find or create a grass texture that you like.Create a flat surface: Start by drawing a flat surface using the rectangle tool or any other suitable tool.If you want a quick and easy way to add grass to your SketchUp model, using textures is the way to go. In this tutorial, we will explore different methods to achieve realistic grass in SketchUp. One common question that arises when working with SketchUp is how to add grass to your models. SketchUp is a powerful and versatile 3D modeling software that allows you to create stunning designs for various purposes. Also, this recipe can be easily adjusted to feed a couple, a family of 4 or a crowd of 15+. There is no quicker meal utilizing pantry items than this. Sometimes though, I look at it and say, yep, I have no other fresh meat in the fridge, what am I going to do with you! Sometimes I have the time to lovingly labor over a beautiful Lasagna or I am all about making a big pot of Minestrone Soup… but, sometimes I am in a hurry and just want to get a quick dinner on the table. Although, I usually end up using at least half of it if not all of it throughout the week. I just pick it up thinking, well if I don’t think of anything, I can just freeze it. But, unlike the steak I pick up or the full chicken I plan to turn into a stock and use the meat in various recipes, I often don’t really have a plan for what to do with this American staple. A little more often if I find that it is on sale in the interim weeks. It is by far one of the easiest weeknight dinners that any home cook can throw together in well under 30 minutes! Just about every other week or so, I pick up a package of family size ground beef. No frills, no fuss, just ground beef, onions, pasta, sauce and a few (quite literally 3) seasonings. You can use 5 fresh tomatoes instead of the diced canned tomatoes, but you may need to add a little broth or water to replace the juices from the can. This here is your basic, good old-fashioned American Chop Suey recipe. Comments Chop Suey Ingredients It may seem like a long list of ingredients, but everything is fairly inexpensive and easily accessible. It is something the whole family loves and it is easy to change-up by adding in mix-in’s like a can of corn, making it a quick and easy Sheppard’s Pie substitute or sprinkling some mozzarella cheese on top, making it into a sort of easy skillet lasagna! True, sometimes I will actually crave a good American Chop Suey with its saucy ground beef, savory onions and warm filling maccaroni, but honestly most times I make this meal it is out of sheer panic! American Chop Suey is 9/10ths pantry food items and 1/10th fresh (or frozen) meat. soy sauce, onion, celery, hamburger, salt, cream of mushroom soup. I call this meal the “IhavegroundbeefinmyfridgeandIhavenoideawhattomakefordinner” meal option. hamburger, chow mein noodles, cream of chicken, water, cream of mushroom.
The Iceberg’s low maintenance and large clusters of double, white blooms make it a favorite of rose lovers and gardeners alike. It was hybridized in Germany in 1958 and can be grown as a bush, climber, or excellent standard. It is a hardy perennial plant that is adaptable to both hot and cold climates. The Iceberg rose has been one of the most popular Floribunda roses for decades. It was named World’s Favorite Rose in 1983 and holds an Award of Garden Merit from 1958. The stems of the ‘Iceberg’ rose are strong, but supple. The ‘Iceberg’ is the most famous of these varieties, and its snow-white blossoms are complemented by a hint of pink at the base of each petal. It has large clusters of flowers on one stem, complemented by deciduous foliage. This rose belongs to the Floribunda family and is one of the world’s most popular varieties. Its fragrance is quite pleasant, too, and its foliage is glossy green. This floribunda rose bush has a sweet fragrance and is hardy enough to withstand winter temperatures. Reimer Kordes, a German breeder, first introduced the Iceberg rose in 1958. Iceberg roses are hardy and disease-resistant plants. This shrub can live up to 20 years if given the right growing conditions. Iceberg roses are a low-maintenance plant, and they grow rapidly. It has a long, upright growth habit, and its foliage is green and yellow in fall. The Iceberg rose is a multi-stemmed shrub that produces delicate pink flowers from early summer to mid fall. Pest and Disease Control in Iceberg Roses. The usage in our code doesn’t need to be changed at all. So currently we have the hybrid of both types of relationships within out two models. So the model class finally looks as follows:Īs you can see, we have just created many-to-one relationship by using ManyToOneAttribute. To realize the above class diagram and make each children (each Duty in our case) knowing about its parent (having a reference to responsible Employee), the only thing we need to do is to add the following property to Duty model class: What changed is that now each Duty has a property of type Employee. One-to-many with inversion (one-to-many + many-to-one)Īs previously, let’s first see how the class diagram changes after adding inversion: One-to-many with inversion – class diagram Moreover, each children has its foreign key ( EmployeeId) automatically retrieved from the DB – there is no overhead here, this is simply foreign key field stored in the same SQLite database table ( Duties). What’s interesting for us it how employeeStored looks in the end: One-to-many with no inversionĪs you can see, GetWithChildren method returned object of type Employee with its Duties collection properly retrieved (containing two duties assigned to the employee before). NET Tasks □ One-to-many with no inversionįirstly, let’s model this kind of relationship: One-to-many with no inversion – class diagram * “Task” would probably be a better name, but I didn’t want to make it confused with. Each employee has a list of his duties, whilst each single duty is assigned to only one employee. We are going to see it on the example of Employee and Duty* entities. In this post we’ll cover one-to-many with no reversion and one-to-many with reversion, as it also includes many-to-one relationship so you can have a comprehensive overview. We want both parent to know about its children, and each children to know about its parent. I will call it one-to-many with inversion. However in most cases what we’d like to have is a hybrid of one-to-many and many-to-one relationships. It means that, for instance, in many-to-one relationship, the one-end of it doesn’t have a reference to its children. I used a verb to know several times – so it’s time to explain it □ By “knowing” about the other end of a relationship I understand having a reference to it. In that case, many-end entity has a reference to its parent and knows about it, but the one-end entity doesn’t necessarily know about its children (at least not directly). On the other hand, the opposite relationship to one-to-many is many-to-one. One-to-many relationship means that the one-end entity knows about its children and many-end entity has a reference (foreign key) to its parent (but not necessarily knows about it). Classic examples are: bus and passengers, document and elements etc. One-to-many relationships are used in general for parent-children or whole-elements relations. In the 3rd post from SQLite-Net Extensions series we are covering the last type of relationship – one-to-many (and the opposite – many-to-one).
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